The perinatal period, the weeks prior to and after birth, are a critical time for establishing an infant’s bacterial microbiome. Which bacteria and the order that these microbes colonize the infant’s body sites influences long-term microbiome community composition and perhaps human health. There are three key factors for microbiome colonization: 1) what microbes does mom have, 2) what practices at birth allow microbes to transfer to her infant, and 3) which microbes will be maintained. How pregnancy, diet, lifestyle habits, medical practices, and environment influence these factors of microbiome colonization is discussed.
Learning Objectives:
Objective 1: Understand why there is a limited time for microbiome “seeding” to occur in perinatal period
Objective 2: Understand how mom’s microbiome composition changes during the perinatal period
Objective 3: Understand how birth practices, diet, lifestyle habits, medical practices, and environment influence microbiome transmission to and establishment of the infant
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